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[1] Tunca Orses and Necmettin Ozcelik ‘Dunya Savasi'nda Turk Askeri Kiyafetleri 1914-1918’ (Istanbul, 2007)
Right - As can be seen in this extracted figure from a photograph of the Camel Troops.
Right - Troops wearing the HQ sleeve patches are often confusingly called 'storm troops' [1] [2], due to fact they were often heavy armed.
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[1] David Nicolle’s The Ottoman Army 1914–18 (Osprey Publishing) illustrated this particular sleeve patch depicting an assault party soldier in 1918 (illustration D:1 in the Osprey publication).
[2] The photograph of a senior German officer (reputedly of Oberst Kress von Kressenstein) taken in 1918 while inspecting Ottoman Turkish Army troops (Imperial War Museum collection item Q80044) (Edward J. Erickson. Ottoman Army effectiveness in World War I: A Comparative Study (Oxford, 2007): 970.
[3] For a long time there has been a link made with the Hucum Mufrezesi (assult troops), which is not correct - as these troops in 1917 were identified with a distinctive badge (an embroidered hand grenade) (Edward J. Erickson. Ottoman Army effectiveness in World War I: A Comparative Study (Oxford, 2007): 97). As well, because the infantrymen are wearing steel helmets, this has been somehow interpreted as being 'storm troopers'; which is again an exaggeration as wearing these helmets was part of the new Yildirim Army uniform/equipment, in 1917-1918 .
Above - Swallow-tailed flag sleeve paches can be seen in the photograph and illustration from a group of Ottoman Arab cavalry in WW1, worn in the same place on the upper left sleeve, as with the Army HQ patch. This version is very similar to the modern Turkish army’s Corps Command flag.